Arkeologiska undersökningar på
Duvnäsplattformen våren 2021
Rapport av Martin Rundkvist
Arkeologiska undersökningar på
Duvnäsplattformen våren 2021
Rapport. Duvnäs i Nacka kommun, fastighet Sicklaön 336:19,
fornlämning L2016:8231. Länsstyrelsens dnr 431-578-2021.
Uppdaterad version på Länsstyrelsens begäran
Av Martin Rundkvist, 23 september 2022
Sammanfattning
På platsen för Duvnäs gårdsbebyggelses äldsta karterade läge finns en stor rektangulär
jordplattform. En provundersökning 1944 visade att den huvudsakligen består av stora
mängder medeltida taktegel. Ett tegelbruk någonstans på gårdens ägor är belagt från
1460-talet och framåt. I forskningssyfte genomfördes våren 2021 metallsökning och
sållning av ett litet schakt ovanpå plattformen. Det gav daterbara fynd av hushållska-
raktär från 1560 och framåt. Tillsammans med äldre kartor innebär fynden att platt-
formen uppenbarligen är en fornlämning, och förmodligen anlagd som grund till
en högreståndsbyggnad i trä. Skriftliga källor gör det troligt att byggherren var Olof
Svart, en framgångsrik ämbetsman på Gustav Vasas tid. Olof började arbeta i den
kungliga finansförvaltningen senast 1525, fick Duvnäs som förläning senast 1530 och
avled 1547.
Inledning
Villaområdet Saltsjö-Duvnäs i Nacka kommun går tillbaka på gården Duvnäs som är skrift-
ligt belagd från 1436 framåt.' På 1460-talet levererade gården tegel till befästningsarbeten i
Stockholm.” 1498 fick Nils Olsson i Duvnäs en stadsgård i belöning för att han hade gjort sta-
dens dominikanerkloster lång och trogen tjänst? -- kanske som tegelslagare? 1506 ägde Nils
fortfarande Duvnäs.” Sommaren 1518 ägde Träffningen vid Duvnäs rum, en skärmytsling där
trupper underställda riksföreståndaren Sten Sture d.y. jagade bort en dansk kavalleristyrka
som satts iland från sjön för uppmarschen till Slaget vid Brännkyrka.”
Det äldsta kända läget för gårdens bebyggelse är vid Strandpromenaden 4, 27, 45, 47." Här
finns en delvis artificiell jordplattform, upptagen i Fornminnesregistret som en husgrund från
historisk tid. Den är upp till fyra meter hög över omgivande mark, stympat rektangulär, mäter
43 x 29 m vid foten och har en plan rektangulär yta överst på ca 25 x 20 m. I södra delen och
nordöstra hörnet syns berg i dagen. Läget i relation till strandförskjutningen är sådant att
plattformens fot låg på ett par meters djup i havet kring år 950 och på land redan före år
1450.”
1 Stockholms stads privilegiebref, s. 4
2 Ahnlund 1953, s. 307 f
3 SST 2:3, s. 378, 459
4 Åkerfeldt 1956, s. 6 f med referenser
> Geometrisk delineation av Sicklaön, Johan Strandman 1690 (historiskakartor.lantmateriet.se)
6 sgu.se, Kartgeneratorn
7 Rapport i ATA
Duvnäsplattformen som terrängmodell utifrån LiDAR-mätning (app.raa.se/open/fornsok)
Duvnäs gårdstomt med sina närmaste omgivningar 1690. Utdrag ur geometrisk delineation av Sicklaön av Johan
Strandman. Här visas bebyggelsen bara som en symbol eller ikon nr 1 i södra kanten av en närmast kvadratisk
tomt. Men observera haket i kanten på ”träd- och humlegården” nr 2 intill tomten. Det beror på plattformen.
Plattformens existens kan anas i trädgårdens arrondering på en karta från 1690. Från den
äldsta detaljerade kartan över gårdsbebyggelsen år 1782 och framåt finns inga byggnader på
plattformen. 1944 var lämningen tillfälligt exploateringshotad. Då grävde Hans Thoresen ett
smalt provschakt tvärs över halva plattformen,” synligt än idag som en övertorvad ränna över
plattformens västra hälft och ner på dess flank. Thoresen konstaterade att anläggningen består
av stora mängder äldre taktegel med enstaka stortegel och profiltegel av medeltidstyp. Han
fann däremot inga grundmurar efter någon byggnad. (Åren 1943-45 ledde Thoresen även den
första stora framgrävningen och murrestaureringen på Stegeborgs slottsruin i Östergötland, så
han hade stor erfarenhet.) Rörande dateringen noterade Thoresen att stora träd på norra kan-
ten måste ha varit minst 200 år gamla år 1944.
Den framgångsrike Olof Svart
Bortsett från sitt tegelbruk framstår Duvnäs som en ordinär mindre gård fram till 1520-talet.
Sten Sture d.y. dör 1520, och bland mycket annat som den nye riksföreståndaren Gustav
Eriksson ärver efter honom märks Duvnäs. På vilket sätt äganderätten till gården har över-
förts från den gamle klostertjänaren och stockholmaren Nils Olsson (tidigast 1506) till Herr
Sten (senast 1520) är okänt. En förteckning över kronans läntagare från något av åren 1528-
30 meddelar att en viss Olof Svart har gården i förläning med alla dess tillägor, vilket nog
bland annat syftar på tegelbruket. I gengäld gör Olof rusttjänst: han skall av gårdens avkast-
ning finansiera "en väl rustad karl och häst”.” Duvnäs har alldeles för liten åkerareal för att
kunna bära kostnaderna för rusttjänsten. Snarare handlar det om tegelbrukets avkastning och
kanske delvis om Olofs inkomster från kungliga uppdrag. Arrangemanget innebär hur som
helst att Olof är frälseman och åtnjuter skattefrihet för Duvnäs, och gården är hans sätesgård.
8 KG1 reg V, s. 203
I KG1 reg XXI, s. 140
Olof Svart var en duglig och framgångsrik person." Från april 1525 uppträder han som
kammarmästare i den kungliga korrespondensen.'' SAOB förklarar med ett exempel från
samma år att denna titel betecknade "den förnämste eller de förnämsta tjänstemännen inom
finansförvaltningen, senare utbytt mot: kamrerare”. Året därpå blir han kunglig fogde över
Satakunda i sydvästra Finland, där han residerar på Kumo kungsgård. 1528 blir han rådman i
Stockholm, vilket förmodligen är oförenligt med posten som fogde i Finland. Senast 1530 får
han Duvnäs som frälse sätesgård, och 1533 blir han borgmästare i Stockholm. (Det finns även
en annan Olof Svart som är förmögen kyrkoman i Uppsala där han uppträder i medeltidsbre-
ven 1489-1526.)
Duvnäs efter Olof Svarts tid
Olof förläning är inte ärftlig, utan när han dör 1547 disponerar kronan Duvnäs igen. I oktober
detta år skiftas arv i Stockholm efter ett par avlidna makar som har förvarat lösöre på Duv-
näs.” De har ingen synbar koppling till Olof och vem som äger gården vid detta tillfälle fram-
går inte.
1551 överlåter kungen Duvnäs och fyra andra byar eller gårdar i trakten till Stockholms
hospital," som vid denna tid fortfarande är inrymt i det gamla franciskanerklostrets byggna-
der på Riddarholmen. 1557 flyttas både hospitalets och Helgeandshusets verksamhet till Dan-
viken, och kungen överlåter Duvnäs dit tillsammans med resten av Sicklaön för att avkast-
ningen skall finansiera den nya sammanslagna vårdinrättningens drift." Hospitalet arrenderar
sedan ut gården fram till 1749 då man säljer den till den förmögne skotten Robert Finlay.
10 KG1 reg IV, s. 280, feldaterat av utgivaren
11 SST 2:4, s. 110
12 KG1 reg II, s. 61.
13 Almquist 1922-23, s. 192 m. ref.
14 sok.riksarkivet.se/SDHK
15 SST NF 2:1, s. 260
AA + 4 a
vå 4
Duvnäs bebyggelse 1782. Utdrag ur arealavmätning av Sicklaön av lantmätare Gabriel Boding (1714-90). Ob-
servera att tegelbruket vid denna tid ligger på Duvnäs holme. (historiskakartor.lantmateriet.se)
a Benn SER Ra
Duvnäs trädgård 1782. Utdrag ur arealavmätning av Sicklaön av lantmätare Gabriel Boding (1714-90). Kvarter-
sindelningen är nog fiktiv. Observera de tre streckade rektanglarna norr om gårdsbebyggelsen. Dessa bör repre-
sentera byggnader som Boding sett, vilket innebär att trädgårdsplanen inte var genomförd när kartan ritades.
Byggnaderna bildar en fägård avgränsad åt väster av plattformen. Plattformen är terrasserad i fyra nivåer med
urnupna hörn, ingrepp som det inte syns något av idag. På den Häradsekonomiska kartan från 1901-06 syns inga
spår av den föreslagna kvartersindelningen.
Hypoteser
Den stora dominerande plattformen ser ut som en arkitektonisk maktdemonstration i ett läge
valt för att alla sjöfarare på Lännerstasundet och Skurusundet skulle vara medvetna om an-
läggningen. Materialet är förmodligen kasserat tegel från 1400-talets tegelbruk, vilket sätter
en bakre gräns i tid för uppförandet. Syftet kan knappast bara ha varit att anlägga en syren-
berså för sommarmåltider. Sannolikt har här stått en imposant timmerbyggnad.
Om det stått en byggnad här efter 1749 borde något spår av den finnas i kartor och ar-
kiv. Hospitalets arrendatorer mellan åren 1551 och 1749 var troligen inte intresserade av en
sådan investering på ofri grund. Och att Kung Gustav skulle ha byggt något under åren 1547-
51 utan att det gjorde avtryck i kronans räkenskaper verkar osannolikt. Blicken faller i stället
på Olof Svarts sätesgård under åren 1528-47. I 1600-talets lagstiftning krävde säterifrihet för
en jordegendom att man uppförde en ståndsmässig huvudbyggnad. Stod Olofs corps de logis
på plattformen vid Duvnäs?
Jag bad arkeologistudenter från Stockholms universitet och medlemmar i Sveriges
Metallsökarförening att medverka i några mindre fältarbeten. Syftet var att ta fram ett fynd-
material som kan datera och karakterisera anläggningens ursprungliga bruk, och söka spår av
byggnadskonstruktioner på plattformens yta. Daniel Sahlén vid Stockholms länsmuseum
hade vänligheten att gå in i projektet för sin organisations räkning och ansöka om undersök-
ningstillståndet.
Fältarbete våren 2021
Plattformen vårdas idag av de boende i radhuslängorna intill, slyröjs och betas tidvis av får.
Omständigheterna var alltså goda söndagen 4 april när jag ledde 38 persontimmars metallsö-
keri på plattformen. Detektoristerna var alla erfarna och använde aktuella apparater i den hög-
re prisklassen. Vi tillvaratog F1-8 från grästorven och den närmast underliggande matjorden.
Två mynt från 1577 uppmuntrade till en mera djupgående undersökning.
Schaktets rutindelning,
uppåt = +8? på kompassen
Helgen 22-23 maj ledde jag utgrävning av 16 kvm (4 x 4 m) på platsen för en klunga med ti-
diga mynt från metallsökningen. Schaktet orienterades visuellt efter plattformens sidor (8?
öster på kompassen) och mättes in med hand-GPS. Tolv kvadratmeterrutor sållades genomgå-
ende. Kollegorna som lånade ut sållen hade bara två sållkorgar med 4 mm maskvidd. När
dessa var upptagna använde vi även ett tredje såll med 10 mm maskvidd. Under lördagen
kom en lång regnskur som gjorde delar av materialet svårsållat. De fyra kvadratmeterrutorna
mitt i schaktet hann vi inte sålla alls, utan dessa grävde vi ut snabbt under intensiv metallsö-
karkontroll. Metallsökare användes för övrigt under denna helg kontinuerligt över hela platt-
formen inklusive schaktet, samt på de upplyfta grästorvornas undersidor. Detta innebar ytter-
ligare 20-25 persontimmar metallsökning på plattformen, summa ca 60 persontimmar. Sam-
mantaget kan man säga att våra utgrävningsmetoder inte var konsekventa, men att vi sanno-
likt inte missade några mynt inom schaktgränsen.
Duvnäs äldsta kända gårdstomt idag. Plattformens bas och schaktet angivna i gult.
NV schakthörnet 6578086, 682903 i SWEREF 99 TM. SO hörnet 6578082, 682907.
, 5 HÅ
N €
[| Rn Hi Cd >
Schaktbotten sedd från öster före igenläggningen.
AR R
Södra sektionen. I förgrunden klungan med gråsten, tegelsten och takpannor i ruta P51.
Lagerföljden stämde med Thoresens sektionsritning från 1944 i ATA. Under grästorven fanns
ett matjordslager med varierande inslag av tegelkross, men inget kol och inget murbruk. Te-
gelinslaget ökade med djupet, liksom tegelfragmentens storlek och inslaget av mindre gråste-
nar. På 20-40 cm djup vidtog en ganska kompakt men ostrukturerad massa av tegel och mind-
re gråstenar. Dess yta var kraftigt ojämn, vilket innebär att matjordslagret förmodligen är på-
fört vid anläggandet för att åstadkomma dagens plana yta. Särskilt i ruta P51 var matjordslag-
ret tunt över en hög anhopning av sten och tegel. Liksom i Thoresens schakt fanns inte heller
i vårt några spår av murar -- eller några rännor efter golvbjälkar.
Teglet visade tydliga tecken på att vara kasserade produkter: ingenting var fläckat av
murbruk, ingenting var helt och många tegel var förglasade och kraftigt deformerade. De in-
gående typerna var vanligt rätblocksformat stortegel, kvadratiska golvplattor, taktegel av
båda typerna munk och nunna, och avlånga halvkupolformade taktegel som förmodligen
skulle försegla skarven mellan två kolumner av munktegel upp mot taknocken. Endast ett
formtegel framkom, trasigt och förmodligen avsett för en valvribba.
Efter undersökningen återställdes schaktet med ursprungliga massor och grästorv.
FARATEGEL
Va RUTA | Q50
/ VANGP 9 I um
Frieftalot lg
| es SA
(Al
Tvärsnitt genom det mest kompletta formteglet vi påträffade.
Längden/djupet genom ritningens plan var 8,5 cm.
AA U|
Nocktegel. Måttstocken är graderad i decimeter.
Fynd
Det äldsta daterbara fyndet är ett mynt från 1560 (först felläst som 1546). Från detta årtal och
framåt hittade vi blandade metallföremål, keramikskärvor och glasskärvor ända fram till de
senaste årtiondena. Allting med en klar datering mellan 1650 och 1849 återdeponerades på
respektive plats eftersom jag bedömde förmågan hos dessa sena ting att besvara några intres-
santa frågor om gården som liten. Skräp av ännu senare datum togs till återvinning. De ensta-
ka handsmidda spikar som framkom bedömde jag som odaterbara och vi behöll dem inte. 2,6
kg ben tillvaratogs, varav hälften från ruta Q53. Allting tillhör de vanliga husdjuren plus en
hare enligt deltagande osteologistudenters bedömning.
10
1637
1668
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1628
1667
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Vi kunde identifiera 17 mynt från tiden 1560 till 1799. Av dessa tillvaratog vi de nio som var
slagna före 1650. Myntens fördelning per kvartssekel var som följer.
fr
bad
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4
1675-99
1575-99
1600-24
Mynt
ca 1720, ca 1720
1740
1777, 1777, 1779
1775-99
De tre äldsta mynten: Gustav I, 4 penningar, Svartsjö 1560 (F9) och
två exemplar av Johan III, 44 öre, 1577 (F1-2). Foto före konservering.
11
Keramik
Materialet består av 40 skärvor. 35 är yngre rödgods, allihop kanske från trefotsgrytor som
varit glaserade invändigt och med horisontella fåror utvändigt på skuldran. Glasyren går i to-
ner av brunt, grönt och gult, där flera skärvor har horisontella gula ränder på rödbrun botten
och en dessutom löpande hund längs mynningen. Därtill finns tre skärvor av utvändigt glase-
rat rödgods, som dock inte ger något högmedeltida intryck, och två små skärvor av blåvit fa-
jans. Skärvorna är små och verkar vara rester av kärl som krossats på plats varefter de stora
kärldelarna dumpats någon annanstans. Ingen av denna keramik måste vara äldre än 1560 och
mycket av den är med all sannolikhet hundra år yngre.
Ett urval av keramik. Insidor.
12
fn i S
Ett urval av keramik. Utsidor.
Glas
Vi samlade in drygt 170 g glas varav det mesta var tjockt grönt buteljglas utan särskiljande
kännetecken och en mindre del modernt färglöst planglas. Dessa två kategorier dumpade vi
efter genomgång. Kvar blev 14 skärvor av grön- och bruntonat planglas som delvis är svårt
drabbat av glaspest. Tjockleken är 0,7-3,3 mm, åtta skärvor är 1,5-2,0 mm tjocka. En av skär-
vorna har en rak, förtjockad och rundad kant från tillverkningen. Vad äldre kärlglas beträffar
finns bara 6 små ljusgröna skärvor, några med lätt glaspest, varav ingen uppvisar några ka-
rakteristiska formelement.
Nålbryne och kritpipor
Nålbrynet F12 är ett avbrutet åttkantigt stift av skiffer, som mest endast 4,7 mm tjockt. Av
kritpipor framkom endast ett skaftfragment (F13) plus sju fragment av holken till en riksva-
penpipa från tiden 1750-1800 (F14; Åkerhagen 2000).
13
Diskussion och utvärdering
Undersökningsresultaten ger utgångshypotesen ett betydande men inte helt avgörande stöd.
Angående plattformens funktion har tolkningen som grunden till en stor byggnad förstärkts
av att vi även inne nära plattformens mitt hittade tidigmodernt fönsterglas. Det har pågått
verksamhet där uppe från mitten av 1500-talet och över lång tid som medfört att man depone-
rat mynt och små krukskärvor. Förmodligen är benen måltidsrester från samma tid, men för
att fastslå deras datering skulle ett stort antal kol-14-dateringar krävas och det ryms inte inom
projektets blygsamma finansiering. Sammantaget ser aktiviteten hushållsbetonad ut.
Angående dateringen så är plattformen yngre än den första tegelproduktionen vid Duvnäs.
Denna startade senast på 1460-talet, kanske tidigare än så. Plattformen är äldre än ett mynt
som slogs 1560 och cirkulerade ett okänt antal år framåt. Trots intensiv metallsökning och
sållning har inget mynt äldre än 1560 framkommit, vilket väl utesluter att plattformen skulle
ha uppförts redan under unionstiden före 1524. Olof Svart framstår alltså som den troligaste
byggherren.
Det finns visserligen kronologiskt utrymme för att kronan kan ha uppfört plattformen kort
efter Olofs frånfälle 1547, eller att hospitalets arrendatorer gjort det från 1551 och några år
framåt. Mot dessa senare alternativ kan som sagt invändas att kronan nog skulle ha dokumen-
terat sina utgifter, och att arrendatorerna varken hade råd eller orsak att bygga någonting i
denna skala. Rent funktionellt är plattformen mest begriplig som ett uttryck för en nybliven
adelsmans självhävdelsebehov, och där finns ingen annan kandidat än Olof Svart.
Mynten och keramiken visar att verksamheten på plattformen blev långlivad. Det längsta
avbrottet i myntdeponeringen är ett drygt halvsekel mellan 1668 och ca 1720. Avbrottet kan
vara ett resultat av att byggnaden rivits. Dess livstid kan då förslagsvis ha sträckt sig ungefär
från 1530 till 1670, d.v.s. 140 år. Men det första årtalet då vi vet säkert från en detaljerad kar-
ta att ingen byggnad stod på plattformen är som sagt 1782.
Sammanfattningsvis verkar det alltså som om Duvnäsplattformen faktiskt är anlagd kring
1530 som grund till en stor imponerande huvudbyggnad på gården av den ambitiöse ämbets-
14
mannen och läntagaren Olof Svart. Han lät uppföra den höga plattformen ute vid stranden
och orienterade den i nord-syd för att göra den maximalt synlig från väster och öster. Med
tanke på farleden i Skurusundet och Lännerstasundet får man anta att den mest utsmyckade
fasaden var den östra. Härifrån kom Olof seglande när han reste från Kumo. Åt detta håll stod
låga ekonomibyggnader 1690 och 1782. Huvudbyggnaden uppe på plattformen syntes över
dessas tak ut mot vattnet.
För kulturmiljövårdens del innebär allt detta att plattformen är en fornlämning.
Olofs gårdsanläggning rekonstruerad
Vid Gabriel Bodings kartläggning 1782 delades Duvnäs gårdsbebyggelse i två av Strandpro-
menadens föregångare: en mangård vid vattnet (dagens nr 4) och en fägård plus obebyggd
plattform norr om vägen (dagens nr 27, 45, 47). Under de 250 åren mellan en förmodad an-
läggning 1530 och kartläggningen 1782 hade strandlinjen flyttat sig en ganska bra bit söderut
från plattformen, vilket accentuerats ytterligare av en stor rektangulär utfyllnad i strandkan-
ten, alltjämt fullt synlig. Bebyggelsen som Boding karterade bör därför ha varit yngre söder
om vägen än norr om den. Med utgångspunkt från hans karta har jag gjort ett rekonstruktions-
förslag av Olof Svarts gårdsanläggning. Hur gårdsbebyggelsen var organiserad före hans tid
vet vi ingenting om. Vi vet inte ens var den var belägen.
Duvnäs gårdsbebyggelse ca 1530, rekonstruktion efter Gabriel Bodings karta 1782. Den prickade strandlinjen
från 1782 skiljer sig inte så mycket från dagens. Den streckade svarta bebyggelsen står delvis kvar i form av hu-
vudbyggnaden på Strandpromenaden 4.
15
Referenser
Ahnlund, Nils. 1953. Stockholms historia före Gustav Vasa. Stockholm.
Almquist, Johan Axel. 1922-23. Den civila lokalförvaltningen i Sverige 1523-1630 : med
särskild hänsyn till den kamerala indelningen, del 4. Stockholm.
Stockholms stads privilegiebref 1423-1700. Red. Hildebrand, K. & Bratt, A. Kungl. humanis-
tiska vetenskapssamfundet. Stockholm 1900-13. [Finns på
stockholmskallan.stockholm.se/post/8772]
SST 2:3. Stockholms stads tänkeböcker 1492-1500. Stockholm 1930. [Finns på litteraturban-
ken.se]
SST 2:4. Stockholms stads tänkeböcker 1504-1514. Stockholm 1931. [Finns på litteraturban-
ken.se]
SST NF 2:1. Stockholms stads tänkeböcker 1544-48. Stockholm 1936. [Finns på gupea.ub.-
gu.se]
Åkerfeldt, Ivar. 1956. Anteckningar om Duvnäs gård. Saltsjö-Duvnäs. [Finns på saltsjo-duv-
nas.se]
Åkerhagen, Arne. 2000. Piprapport 1, riksvapen. [Finns på www.abc.se/ pa/mark/riksva-
pe.pdfl]
16
Tekniska och administrativa uppgifter
FS
Arkivering Dokumentationsmaterialet var litet och överfördes till di-
gitala medier redan i fält, varför ingenting finns att arki-
vera utöver denna rapport.
Deltagare
Studenter Metalldetektorister
Monica Berger Andreas Blomqvist
Nikolai Borelius Simon Micke Blomqvist (myntbestämningar)
Marcus Frid John Hårdsten
Albin Hedin Hedda Karlsson
Emma Isaksson Mats Karlsson
Emelie Jonsson Olle Södergren
Julia Schulte Koskinen Roger Åsberg
Anna Munford
Ivan Odbratt
17
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conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F1
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 21.0 mm; thickness 0.9 mm
Weight 1,056
Raw material Ag alloy (low silver fineness)
Dating 1/2 ORE SM 1577, JOHAN III
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
1. State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation -
visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
2. Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
3. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
4. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
5. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
6. Photographic documentation
PN
Oo
1 [cm]
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F1 - before conservation - side 1
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F1 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
i. 0 1 [cm]
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F1 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F1 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F1- during conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F2
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 21.0 mm; thickness 1,0 mm
Weight 1,437
Raw material Ag alloy (low silver fineness)
Dating 1/2 ORE SM 1577, JOHAN III
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
7. State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
8. Specialist analyzes
e Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
9. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
10. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
11. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
12. Photographic documentation
1 0 1 [cm]
HENNE oc |
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F2 - before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
HENNE oc |
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F2 - before conservation - side 2
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F2 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F2 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F1- before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F1 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F3
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 19,8 mm; thickness 1,0 mm
Weight 1,586
Raw material Ag alloy
Dating Karl IX ; 1/2 ORE GOTEBORG 1619
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
13.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation -
visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
14.
Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
135. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
16. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
17. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
18. Photographic documentation
1 0 1 [cm]
NENEEEENEEE cc |
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F3 - before conservation - side 1
|
Oo
1 [cm]
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F3 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F3 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F3 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F3 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F3 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F4
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 20,1 mm; thickness 0,8 mm
Weight 1,337
Raw material Ag alloy (low silver fineness)
Dating KARL IX; 1 ORE, "1610
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
19.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
20.
Specialist analyzes
e Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
21. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
22 Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
23. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
24. Photographic documentation
1 [0) 1 [cm]
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F4 - before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
EEEEENEEE |
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F4 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F4 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F4 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F4 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F4 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Item Coin
Inv . No. F5
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 19,1 mm; thickness 0,7 mm
Weight 1,409
Raw material Ag alloy
Dating (GIIA) HERTIG JOHAN; I ORE SM; 1617
The author of the
work program
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
25.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
26. Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
« -Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
VÄ Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
28. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.390) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 1090 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
29. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
30. Photographic documentation
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F5 - before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F5 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F5 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F5 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F5 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F5 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F6
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 20,0 mm; thickness 0,7 mm
Weight 1,397
Raw material Ag alloy
Dating (GIIA) HERTIG JOHAN; I ORE SM; 1617
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
31.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
32.
Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
33. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
34. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
35. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
36. Photographic documentation
1 0 1 [cm]
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F6 - before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
HENNEEnnnm oc |
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F6 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F6 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F6 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F6 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F6 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Item Hook attachment (?)/hankfaste
Inv . No. F7
Site Duvnas
Dimensions length 5.22 cm; wide 3.64 cm; thick 0.43 cm
Weight 12,101
Raw material Cu alloy
Dating n. d.
The author of the
work program
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist |n.d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
analyzes
Principal Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
37.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - poor state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab.
By microscopic evaluation - visible brown-green corrosion products; unstable,
peeling corrosion products.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
38. Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
« -Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
39. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
40. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.390) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 1090 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
41. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
42. Photographic documentation
Figure 1. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - before conservation - side 1
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 2. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - before conservation - side 2
AA i 2
a OS >
K MA --
Figure 3. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - after conservation - side 1
Figure 4. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
I 0) 1 [cm]
HENEENEnnm oc |
Figure 5. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - before conservation work - image from the DELTA OPTICAL
microscope, Model SZ-630T microscope - side 1
1 0) i [cm]
HENNE ooo
Figure 6. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - before conservation work - image from the DELTA OPTICAL
microscope, Model SZ-630T microscope - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 7. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 8. Duvnas, hankfaste, F7 - after conservation work - Image from the DELTA OPTICAL
microscope, Model SZ-630T microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Item Coin
Inv . No. F9
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 16.7 mm; thickness 0,7 mm
Weight 0,767
Raw material Ag alloy (low silver fineness
Dating MYNT GUSTAV I, 4 PENNINGAR SVARTSJO; 1546
The author of the
work program
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
43.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
44. Specialist analyzes
« -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
« -Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
435. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
46. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.390) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 1090 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
47. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
48. Photographic documentation
PN
Oo
1 [cm]
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F9 - before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
HENNE ooo |
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F9 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
1 0) 1 [cm]
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F9 - after conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F9 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F9 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F9 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
The author of the
work program
Item Coin
Inv . No. F10
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 18.3 mm; thickness 0,7 mm
Weight 1,076
Raw material Ag alloy (low silver fineness)
Dating MYNT KRISTINA 1 ORE; 1637
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
49.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing poorly legible from both sides, visible
gray-brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
50.
Specialist analyzes
e -Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
51. Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
D2e Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
53. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
54, Photographic documentation
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F10 - before conservation - side 1
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F10 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 3. Duvnas, coin, F10 - after conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F10 - after conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F10 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F10 - after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Item Coin
Inv . No. F11
Site Duvnas
Dimensions diameter: 40,8 mm; thickness 2,6 mm
Weight 26,699
Raw material Cu alloy
Dating MYNT Gustav II Adolf, 1 öre, 1628
The author of the
work program
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
The author of
conservation
Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Specialist analyzes
XRF spectrometry microscopic photo
Author of specialist
analyzes
n. d. Magdalena Majorek [PAD]
Principal
Martin Rundkvist [assoc. res. prof.]
The Contractor
University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation
of Artifacts
ul. Narutowicza 65
90-131 Lodz
Place where
documentation is
stored
Martin Rundkvist University of Lodz
Institute of Archaeology
Laboratory of Luminescence
Dating and Conservation of
Artifacts;
ul. Narutowicza 65;
90-131 Lodz
DD.
State of preservation
The artifact was handed over to the Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and
Conservation of Artifacts for conservation works. No previous conservation
documentation.
In organoleptic evaluation - good state of preservation; probably washed with
water before transfer to the lab, drawing partially legible from both sides, visible
brown-green corrosion products.
By microscopic evaluation - visible gray-brown-green corrosion products,
products of surface corrosion equal in thickness plus pitting corrosion occurs.
56.
Specialist analyzes
e Microscopic analyzes using the DELTA OPTICAL microscope, Model SZ-630T
(magnification: 0.8 x 10; 2.0 x 10)
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
« Microscopic analyzes using the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N microscope (50x
magnification)
DL Conservation work program
The program of conservation works included cleaning, stabilization of corrosion
processes and application of protective coatings, as well as preparing it for
exhibition purposes or safe storage in constant humidity and temperature
conditions. First, the photographic (micro and macroscopic) and measurement
documentation of the monument was made. The next stage was cleaning the
object of corrosion layers and rinsing out harmful compounds. In order to protect
against corrosion, chemical agents that are corrosion inhibitors were used, the
object was drained and protective layers were applied. As part of the last stage, a
photographic and measurement documentation was made and a report on the
conservation works was prepared.
58. Conservation process
For copper and silver alloys:
« Rinsing in distilled water.
« Mechanical removal of corrosion layers with the use of hand brushes and
brushes
with very soft and soft synthetic bristles such as natural and with the use
of: Micro-grinders Urawa UC 500 with the use of brushes with very soft and
soft bristles made of synthetic and natural fibers, an ultrasonic cleaner and
a micro sandblasting machine Abrasil B10001 at pressures up to 1 Bar and
0.3 mm diameter tip (only compressed air was used).
e Using a chemical method using an aqueous solution of di-sodium edetate
2hydrate up to 3960. The processes of rinsing and removing corrosion layers
were repeated many times.
. Bath in distilled water heated continuously to a temperature of 100 ? C.
« After cleaning, the object was subjected to an acetone bath to remove the
water.
« After dehydration and evaporation of acetone, the surface was polished
with a micro-grinder, using soft polishing brushes and polishing rubber
without additional abrasive substances, and wiped with a cotton cloth.
. The stabilization process involved placing the artifact in a bath in 390
alcohol (high-percentage - 99.320) benzotriazole [BTA] (corrosion inhibitor)
solution.
Slow and controlled process of alcohol evaporation was carried out.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Protective layer:
« 10960 Paraloid B-44 acrylic resin dissolved in toluene / xylene was applied.
59. Recommendations for preventive care
The artifact should be stored in constant conditions:
« temperature (18-23 ” C),
« humidity (absolute maximum humidity should not exceed 4090).
The object should be protected against dust and weather conditions, including
UV rays or water. Cleaning should be carried out with particular care, using linen
or cotton material.
The item should be protected against mechanical damage, stored individually
with the use of string bags. For storage, it is best to use acid-free cardboard
boxes and additional materials that insulate from other items or packaging
materials by using, for example, bubble wrap.
Do not touch objects directly with your hands. It is recommended to remove
items with clean rubber (latex / nitrile / vinyl) or cotton gloves, with extreme
caution. All activities should be performed in a clean space with constant
temperature and humidity conditions.
Do not leave unprotected objects in the air.
Transport only in properly prepared and secured containers, in which the
archaeological object should be placed in a stable manner, without the possibility
of moving inside the container.
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
60. Photographic documentation
1 [6] 1 [cm]
Figure 1. Duvnas, coin, F11- before conservation - side 1
1 0 1 [cm]
Figure 2. Duvnas, coin, F11 - before conservation - side 2
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 4. Duvnas, coin, F11 - after conservation - side 1
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Ut;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 5. Duvnas, coin, F11 - before conservation work - image from the DELTA OPTICAL
microscope, Model SZ-630T
Figure 6. Duvnas, coin, F11 - before conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope
conservation work report
Pracownia Datowania i Konserwacji Zabytköw, IA Uk;
Laboratory of Luminescence Dating and Conservation of Artifacts; IA Uk
Figure 7. Duvnas, coin, F11- after conservation work - image from the Nikon Eclipse LV 150 N
microscope